Research
- Food preservation methods:
Food can be preserved in the following ways:
1. drying- removes moisture
2. salting- creates unfavourable conditions for biodegradation
3. canning- cuts supply of air, insects, light,etc
4. pickling- creates unfavourable conditions for biodegradation
5. freezing- Slows down breakdown of food
>>https://www.finedininglovers.com/blog/food-drinks/how-to-preserve-food-techniques/<<
- traditional methods of food preservation:
grains storage:
>>http://www.fao.org/wairdocs/x5002e/x5002e02.htm<<
- Handling and Storage of Food Grains in Tropical and Subtropical Areas:
>>http://www.villageearth.org/pages/sourcebook/crop-drying-preservation-and-storage<<
Study of traditional methods of food preservation:
>>http://www.iitmandi.ac.in/istp/projects/2014/reports/Group%2007%20Food%20Preservation.pdf<<
- Western traditional food preservation methods:
>>https://ruralspin.com/2012/03/10/food-preservation-lets-talk-methods/<<
Structure and location of godowns:
>>https://www.nabard.org/pdf/Model_scheme_on_construction_of_Rural_Godown.pdf<<
- solution for portable drinking water:
For portable drinking water without electricity or mechanical force
>>http://www.who.int/water_sanitation_health/publications/ssf9241540370.pdf<<
- Daily drinking water requirement
>>http://www.who.int/water_sanitation_health/dwq/nutwaterrequir.pdf<<
- evaporative cooling:
Preservation of food can be achieved through cooling.
In households that cannot afford refrigerators we need a way to cool things that do not require too many resources, just basic ones.
Evaporative cooling requires terra cotta and water.
>>https://www.google.co.in/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=2&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0ahUKEwj7g-OU6JnMAhXGlJQKHS8NBogQFggmMAE&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.researchgate.net%2Ffile.PostFileLoader.html%3Fid%3D56fb1175eeae3949dc7a27f8%26assetKey%3DAS%253A345120642748416%25401459294581037&usg=AFQjCNGDM8R_0q_IO4WvJ2NNl5CqT53LHQ&sig2=ygZk1XEXkJcc7KIIoGcgSg<<
- WATER LOSS DUE TO EVAPORATIVE COOLING:
For every 55 units of water by mass cooled 10 degrees Celsius, 1 unit of water by mass evaporates.
>>http://www.matangi.in/calculation.html
- Zeer Pot
The process of evaporative cooling is used to cool down food stored inside it.
- ballcock valve
This mechanism could be used to avoid wastage of water due to overflow.
>>http://www.atcmtanks.org.uk/pdfs/Float%20Valves%20-%20Their%20characteristics%20&%20performance%20.pdf<<
- Other data:
1. Number of members in a family in India
There are about 5-6 members in a family in India.
>>http://censusindia.gov.in/Data_Products/Data_Highlights/Data_Highlights_link/data_highlights_hh1_2_3.pdf<<
2. Amount of drinking water required per person daily
A person requires 8 glasses of water each day.
>>http://www.nestle-waters.com/healthy-hydration/daily-water-needs<<
Conclusions:
- We can preserve food by drying and cooling.
- keeping food elevated saves it from insects.
- a slow sand filter can be a solution for portability of water
- earthen pots can be used to cool by upto 10 degree celsius with 1:55 units water loss:cooled by volume
- average amount of water required by a family in a day is around 10 litres
